I have settled on my favorite co-factors in my Hypothesis of Obesity Epidemic. First, some background, loosely paraphrased from Gina Kolata’s analysis of the CDC data in Rethinking Thin: fat people are more obese than fat people used to be, but overweight and normal folks are only a wee bit pudgier. And there are suddenly lots of people called “overweight” who in the sixties would be considered “normal”, because they moved the goalposts: but then they went and showed that the best health outcomes for most things go to “overweight” people, making it all a sort of meaningless semantic slosh. Over what weight? Over the weight desired for optimal health?… Uh - no. So over WHAT weight?
Anyway, these co-factors are the ones less fun to talk about because there’s no blame attached. Which, in these individuals-are-everything times (it’s fun to judge our neighbours for being weird!), get very little media play.
1) Diets can add fat. You tend to gain all and more on the rebound. I’d be interested in seeing some real research on this, tho’: I think it’s capped, and likely body type dependant - I’d guess some bodies will react more hoardingly to diets than others.
My anecdata: I have been on 9 different diet schemes. I started attempting restriction at 10, finally clicked in to how it was done really at 12, and between 12 and 31 participated in a diet every year of my life but 4. So, I had 14 to 16 years of variable restriction, but I’m not 5 pounds times that many failed diet attempts larger than my genes suggest I should be. Of course, it could be my great-grandmother went hungry to feed her kids during the Depression and my mom dieted, so maybe we all have restriction weight. (I’m ignoring the men because they carry their weight differently and have more play in their wheels; I can’t easily compare them to me.)
2) Anti-depressants. There are 118 million anti-depressant prescriptions out there. Not everyone gains weight, and not every AD encourages it, (some people even lose) - but anecdata and AD side effect warning labels suggest more weight gain experience.
3) Birth-control. I’m down 3 pounds from removing this Mirena a week ago; the fora were reporting gains STARTING at about 15 pounds, and going as high as 80. I have too many factors complicating to accurately guess for me, but I have seen some of my thinnest friends get a wee bit softer on the pill, although I also have some friends who hormonal b/c hasn’t affected at all. Still, hormonal b/c showed up at about the same time that we started getting on average softer.
4) Perception and Media Hysteria. Seriously, it’s the zeitgeist to hate our Fat Consumer Culture, because we’re all freaked out that we’ve killed the planet. Fat Bodies have become the personification of this.
( SUPER YAY! We the Fat get to be the mascot of the degredation of our ecosystem! Go Homer, Eat a Donut, Go go go! )
…. and I imagine it’s not just Fat, but Fat and Poor, that are the true mascots of degredation, and there’s a racial theme there too. It’s about McDonald’s toys and Walmart crap and fast food and fat bodies and bad lighting and subprime mortgages and big houses we can’t pay for. Not Donald Trump and his jets and diamonds and high end caviar and grain fed steaks…
But per person we’re not that much fatter. We are bigger, taller, and fatter, yes: but epidemiologically fatter is not the same as the Caught-Eating-On-Film! media depictions of the obesity epidemic. You know the images - those of the heaviest of our headless bodies caught eating crap food in public. My size is recognizably linked to my maternal great-grandmother’s (relative to height), yet I’m sure they could use me, headless, to scare people on the TV. Booga booga. (I have even, occasionally, eaten an ice cream in public.)
However your average thin person - even if sedentary and eating McD’s - is unlikely to become me, even IF they’re at the heaviest side of their genetic range, no matter if they consume ice cream on the beach once in a while - barring eating disorder, psychiatric, or medical issue. (As per the previous commentary - you’ll notice me putting those in. I recognize them, and they exist - but they’re currently driving ALL the dialogue on weight around, as it were.) Thin people eating badly are more likely to become sick given an unhealthy lifestyle, but that’s a different thing.
That said and we will all, someday, become unhealthy with something. Everyone will get something, everyone will die. Other people’s ill health is not evidence of their moral failing, or their inability to steward their own bodies effectively. In systems this complex, *stuff breaks*.
4.01) Changing Fashion Perceptions… I think part of the blame for all this has to rest on those ultra low rise pants. These pants are designed to make women look fat. If you’re overweight, they’ll make you look gargantuan. If you took any of my “stout”, Mennonite, dress and covering wearing paternal great aunts and stuffed them into ultra-low-rise jeans - creating that pooching double hip and muffin top tummy - they’d stop looking solid and start looking obese.
Also, incredibly humorous.
5) Quitting Smoking. I really have taken to watching Turner Classic Movies. Those people smoked CONSTANTLY, holy cow, and they’re our baseline. The 60s are what we’re compared to.
I didn’t experience gain when I quit; not everyone does. But some do gain weight after quitting. It’s hard, with smoking, to seperate out the metabolic vs. psychiatric effects - gaining weight after quitting is a mixture of your metabolism changing AND a propensity to eat more while withdrawing. The second will likely eventually be removable, the first not-so-much.